Onychomycosis is the name given to fungal infections of the nails. These infections affect the toe nails more than the finger nails and can be as a result of a primary or secondary infection. A secondary infection can be caused after a previous infection or injury to the nail.

Fungal nail infections are more likely to occur in older people, those with infections such as HIV and diabetics or those with poor blood supply and lymphatic drainage. Footballers or skiers who wear closely or poorly fitting footwear are more likely to suffer fungal infections of the toenails. Communal bathing and shower areas can be areas prone to growth of fungal infections.

There are four recognised types of fungal nail infections.

1) (DSO) Distal Subungual Onychomyocosis

2) (WSO) White Superficial Onychomyocosis

3) (PSO) Proximal Subungual Onychomycosis

4) Candida Onychomycosis

Although topical preparations are suggested for fungal nail infections they are not always effective because the thickened nail prevents the medication from reaching the site of infection. That is why it is suggested that the thickened nail should be filed down for easier penetration of any applications. 

People suffering from Candida onychomycosis should try to keep the hands out of water and wear rubber gloves if immersing the hands in water. Use rubber gloves when washing clothes or dishes.

With fungal infections of the feet, keep the feet dry with absorbent dusting powders. Use absorbent insoles to prevent mosture build-up in shoes.

Wear leather shoes rather than synthetic or rubber trainers to lessen moisture.

In sport, always make sure footwear is the correct size and is the approved type.